Category A (“Avoid”) includes antibiotic classes not authorised in veterinary medicine but authorised in human medicine in the EU. These classes may be used exceptionally in non-food producing animals in compliance with the prescribing “cascade” . In the case of food-producing animals, these substances cannot be used under the prescribing “cascade” in the absence of established maximum residue limits. By default, any new antibiotic substance authorised for use in human medicine after the publication of the categorisation will be provisionally included in Category A regardless of the categorisation of its parent (sub)class.